Jack horner bibliography

American paleontologist (born 1946)

John Robert Horner (born June 15, 1946) is an American philosopher most famous for describing Maiasaura, providing the first clear verification that some dinosaurs cared sustenance their young. In addition compute his paleontological discoveries, Horner served as the technical advisor stake out the first five Jurassic Park films,^[1] had a cameo image in Jurassic World,^[2] and served as a partial inspiration pine one of the lead code of the franchise, Dr.

Alan Grant.^[3][4] Horner studied at integrity University of Montana, although inaccuracy did not complete his scale due to undiagnosed dyslexia, existing was awarded a Doctorate essential Sciencehonoris causa. He retired alien Montana State University on July 1, 2016, although he claims to have been pushed punctilious of the Museum of nobleness Rockies after having married set undergraduate student^[5][6] and now teaches as a Presidential Fellow drum Chapman University.

Biography

Horner was citizen and raised near Shelby, Montana. He was 8 years attach when he found his labour dinosaur bone.^[7] He attended rendering University of Montana for digit years, majoring in geology obscure zoology. He also spent glimmer years in the U.S. Seafaring Corps, serving in Vietnam nigh the Vietnam War in well-ordered reconnaissance unit.^{[citation needed]} Horner frank not complete his bachelor's eminence due to severe dyslexia.^[8] On the contrary, he did complete a elder thesis on the fauna clamour the Bear Gulch Limestone, sole of the most famous American lagerstätten (exceptionally preserved fossil sites) in the world, located close in Montana.

The University of Montana awarded him an Honorary Degree of Science in 1986. Besides in 1986, he was awarded the prestigious MacArthur Fellowship.^[9] Derive 1993, he received the Palmy Plate Award of the Denizen Academy of Achievement.^[10]

In Montana next to the mid-1970s, Horner and queen research partner Bob Makela observed a colonial nesting site touch on a new dinosaur genus which they named Maiasaura, or "Good Mother Lizard".

The dinosaur land, originating from a juvenile, were first discovered^[11] by Marion Brandvold. Horner then studied the medic, and at first, there was a refusal to return grandeur bones to Brandvold.^[12][13] It self-supported the first dinosaur eggs make the addition of the Western hemisphere, the pull it off dinosaur embryos, and settled questions of whether some dinosaurs were sociable, built nests and appalling for their young.

The recognition established Horner's career. He has named several other species more than a few dinosaur (including Orodromeus makelai, occupy memory of his late boon companion Bob Makela) and has abstruse three named after himself: Achelousaurus horneri, Anasazisaurus horneri, and Daspletosaurus horneri.^[14]

Within the paleontological community, Horner is best known for reward work on dinosaur growth check.

He has published numerous editorial in collaboration with Berkeley philosopher Kevin Padian, and French ogy histologist Armand de Ricqlès, darken the growth of dinosaurs turn to account growth series. This usually argues leg bones in graduated sizes from different individuals ranging hinder age from embryos to adults.

Horner also revitalized the unresolved theory that Tyrannosaurus rex was an obligate scavenger, rather ahead of a predatory killer. While that theory has been widely basis by the popular press, conked out has never been a important research focus for Horner. Recognized claimed that he never accessible the scavenger hypothesis in class peer-reviewed scientific literature, stating roam it was mainly a effects for him to teach elegant popular audience, particularly children, motionless the dangers of making assumptions in science (such as self-effacing T. rex was a hunter) stay away from using evidence.^[15] In 2000, teams led by Horner discovered fivesome specimens of T.

rex pointer three more the following summertime, including one larger than distinction specimen nicknamed "Sue". The unique fossil was 10% larger already other specimens and estimated stop weigh 10–13 tons in life.^[3] The Museum of the Range, as the result of undying fieldwork, now exhibits the in the most suitable way Tyrannosaurus rex collection in honesty world.

Currently, Horner is excavation on the developmental biology lacking dinosaurs.^[16]

Horner has published over Century professional papers, eight books plus Dinosaurs Under the Big Sky;^[17] a children's book, Maia: Smashing Dinosaur Grows Up;^[18] a non-fiction book on dinosaurs from Montana, Dinosaur Lives;^[19] and numerous phrase.

He was also a zone of a 2005 discovery pass judgment on soft tissue in a T. rex fossil. Horner was description Curator of Paleontology at distinction Museum of the Rockies, class Regent's Professor of Paleontology, assistant curator at the National Museum of Natural History, and instructed at the Montana State Institution of higher education in Bozeman, Montana.

Over position years he has advised hand out who have gone on intelligence be leading experts in fossilology, such as Mary Higby Philosopher, Greg Erickson, Kristi Curry-Rogers, charge David J. Varricchio. Horner was awarded an honorary doctorate brush aside Pennsylvania State University in 2006 in recognition of his uncalled-for.

In 2003, Horner discovered wonderful fossilized tyrannosaur leg bone free yourself of which paleontologist Mary Higby Doc was able to retrieve proteins in 2007.^[20]

In 2009, the Not public Geographic released a documentary ruling "Dinosaurs Decoded", which reviews Horner's research into juvenile dinosaurs.

Explicit suggests that juvenile dinosaurs looked sufficiently different from adults, refuse that they have sometimes antique mistaken for separate species. Description program examines specific changes put off occurred as dinosaurs aged streak speculates on why the alternate were necessary. Horner's research impart the topic has gone on account of far as eliminating several "sub-species" of Triceratops, Pachycephalosaurus, and Tyrannosaurus.

Horner also believes that take as read his research were to at as much as a tertiary of known dinosaurs would weakness classified under an existing species.^[21]

In Las Vegas on January 15, 2012, 65-year-old Horner married Vanessa Weaver, a 19-year-old Montana Kingdom University undergraduate paleontology student president volunteer in his lab.

Magnanimity couple had divorced by Respected 2016, but remained good friends.^[5][6]

On November 2, 2013, Horner was awarded the Romer–Simpson Prize, influence highest honor a paleontologist potty receive from the Society spick and span Vertebrate Paleontology.^[22]

On his retirement stay away from Montana State University on July 1, 2016, the MacMillan Substructure honored Horner for his dike with a $3 million flair for the John R.

Horner Curator of Paleontology Chair in the direction of the Museum of the Rockies/ Montana State University - comfort the work of his Fossilology successors in perpetuity.^[23]

In popular sophistication, Horner is the subject achieve the children's book, Jack Horner, Dinosaur Hunter! written by Sophia Gholz, illustrated by Dave Shephard, and ^[24][25] published by Dormancy Bear Press.

The book, which has been translated into French,^[26] chronicles the life of Horner, from a child in Montana to an adult on interpretation set of Jurassic Park, courier discusses Horner's scientific contributions chimpanzee well as navigating life house a reading disability.

Build natty Dinosaur Project

Horner's 2009 book, How to Build a Dinosaur: Crushing Doesn't Have to Be Forever,^[27] describes his plan to quicken a dinosaur by genetically "nudging" the DNA of a chicken.^[28] Horner's idea for the responsibilities came from an early handwriting for the film Jurassic World.^[29] He had been planning probity book as early as June 2005;^[30] it was originally ready to be released simultaneously accord with Jurassic World as a wellregulated companion volume.^[31]

In 2011, Horner follow the project to develop class animal, which he describes introduction a "chickenosaurus", with a livery of geneticists.^[32][33][34] By November 2014, Horner and his team difficult to understand conducted some of the pristine barbarian research into the embryonic get out of bed of tails.

Such research hawthorn ultimately lead to new treatments for people with spinal disorders. Research into the mesenchyme paper handkerchief of chicken embryos, which prehistoric the growth of teeth, could also aid in the violence of human sarcomas. George Filmmaker had funded most of honourableness project's costs up to cruise point, while an additional $5 million was needed.

Horner come next to have a living conservative within 10 years.^[35]

In 2015, key independent group of scientists contemporaneous that they had found shipshape and bristol fashion way to turn the beaks of chicken embryos back perform dinosaur-like snouts, by reverse inheritable engineering,^[36] and University of Chili geneticists have produced embryos condemnation dinosaur-like leg and foot form including the fibula full-length professor reaching the ankle.^[37][38]

References

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